Penentuan Kadar Alkaloid Total pada Ekstrak Bunga Pepaya (Carica papaya L) dengan Metode Microwave Assisted Extraction
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Bunga pepaya (Carica papaya L) mengandung senyawa bioaktif alkaloid seperti carpaine, pseudocarpaine dan dehydrocarpaine. Alkaloid tersebut dipercaya bermanfaat untuk sebagai obat antidengue, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic activities. Pada penelitian ini, bunga pepaya diekstrak menggunakan metode ekstraksi padat-cair menggunakan metode Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) dan ekstraksi cair-cair. Sebelum proses ekstraksi, bunga pepaya dikeringkan dan dikecilkan hingga memiliki ukuran partikel sebesar 0,125 mm. Bunga pepaya yang telah kering diekstraksi menggunakan metanol 80% (v/v untuk menentukan pengaruh waktu ekstraksi (1-5 menit), daya microwave (40, 120, 200, 280 Watt), dan rasio sampel terhadap pelarut ( 1:10 ; 1:15 ; 1:20 b/v) terhadap kadar alkaloid total. Hasil ekstrak menunjukkan hasil positif adanya alkaloid setelah diuji dengan pereaksi Mayer dengan terbentuknya endapan berwarna putih kekuningan. Adapun kadar alkaloid total terbesar adalah 0,02981 mg/g sampel dengan kondisi operasi ekstraksi waktu ekstraksi 3 menit, rasio sampel terhadap pelarut 1:10 (m/v) serta daya microwave 40 Watt.
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