Perengkahan Metil Ester dari Minyak Jelantah Menggunakan Katalis Pt/ Al2O3
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Konsumsi minyak goreng di Indonesia meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penggunaan minyak goreng secara berulang menyebabkan penurunan kualitas mutu. Limbah minyak goreng yang dibuang ke perairan dapat menyebabkan rusaknya ekosistem perairan karena akan menutupi permukaan air sehingga sinar matahari tidak bisa masuk secara maksimal yang menyebabkan meningkatnya nilai Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) serta Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Katalis logam memiliki tingkat sisi aktif yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan katalis lainnya. Penelitian ini melakukan perengkahan metil ester minyak jelantah menggunakan katalis Pt/Al2O3. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah transesterifikasi pada suhu 55 ºC dan perengkahan dengan variasi konsentrasi katalis 0,6%, 0,7%, 0,8% dan 0,9% berat minyak dalam 500 mL minyak jelantah pada suhu 55 ºC. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari biofuel yang dihasilkan dari perengkahan melalui analisa angka asam, angka penyabunan angka iodin dan flash point. Hasil penelitian diperoleh nilai terbaik pada konsentrasi katalis 0,9% dengan kandungan asam lemak bebas 0,0014 mgKOH/g FFA, nilai flash point 165,5 ºC dan angka iodin 2,79 (massa/massa) serta angka penyabunan sebesar 5,3 mg KOH/g.
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