Peningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi dengan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Berbantuan Media Gambar Berseri
Main Article Content
Abstract
Abstrak
Kemampuan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa SMA belum memuaskan. Salah satu faktor yang menyebabkan rendahnya keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa karena faktor pemilihan model dan media pembelajaran yang kurang interaktif dan inspiratif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peningkatan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran berbasis proyek berbantuan media gambar berseri dan mendeskripsikan keaktifan siswa dalam mengikuti pembelajaran menulis teks eksplanasi. Jenis penelitian yang dipilih adalah penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) model Kemmis & McTaggart yang dilakukan dalam bentuk siklus. Setiap siklus terdiri atas 4 kegiatan pokok, yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan, dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI.9 SMA Negeri 1 Kota Madiun tahun pelajaran 2023/2024 sejumlah 36 orang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan teknik tes, observasi, wawancara, dan angket. Indikator Kriteria Ketercapaian Tujuan Pembelajaran (KKTP) dirumuskan mengacu pada penilaian yang berbasis pada pencapaian tujuan pembelajaran yang telah ditetapkan. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis proyek berbantuan media gambar berseri dapat meningkatkan keterampilan menulis teks eksplanasi siswa dan mampu meningkatkan keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Nilai kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada integrasi model pembelajaran berbasis proyek dengan media gambar berseri dalam pembelajaran menulis teks eksplanasi.
Kata Kunci: menulis teks eksplanasi, model pembelajaran berbasis proyek, media gambar berseri
Skill Writing Explanation with A Project-Based Learning Model Assisted by A Series of Image Media
Abstract
Composing explanatory texts for high school pupils is still an unsatisfactory skill. Students' poor explanatory text writing abilities can be attributed, in part, to their usage of less engaging and dynamic learning models and media. The aims of this study is to describe how a project-based learning model, with the help of serial picture media, has improved students' ability to produce explanation texts. It also aims to describe how actively students have participated in the process of learning to write explanatory texts. This type of research is classroom action research (PTK) using the Kemmis & McTaggart model, which is carried out in cycle form. Each cycle consists of four main activities: planning, implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects were 36 students in class XI.9 of SMA Negeri 1, Madiun City. Research data was collected using test, observation, interview, and questionnaire techniques. Learning Goal Achievement Criteria Indicators (KKTP) are formulated to refer to assessments based on the achievement of predetermined learning goals. Three methods of data analysis were used: quantitative, qualitative, and descriptive. The study's findings demonstrate how project-based learning, when aided by serial picture media, can raise student engagement in the classroom and help students write more informative texts. The combination of serial picture media with a project-based learning approach for learning to create explanatory text is where this research's innovation value resided.
Keywords: writing explanatory texts, project-based learning models, serial image media
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Al Amin, R. A. K. (2021). Peningkatan Keterampilan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi dengan Menggunakan Media Video Pada Siswa Kelas V Sekolah Dasar. Kalam Cendekia. Jurnal Ilmiah Kependidikan, 9(1), 385–392. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.20961/jkc.v9i1.53858
Almulla, M. A. (2020). The Effectiveness of the Project-Based Learning (PBL) Approach as a Way to Engage Students in Learning. SAGE Open, 10(3). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Apriyani, N. N. (2019). Pembelajaran Menulis Teks Eksplanasi dengan Menggunakan Media Filmstrips pada Siswa Kelas XI MAN 6 Tasikmalaya Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Diksatrasia Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 3(2), 60–74. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.25157/diksatrasia.v3i2.2209
Arijumiati, R., Istiningsih, S., & Setiawan, H. (2021). Analisis Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran oleh Guru pada Masa Pandemi di SDN 1 Lajut Lombok Tengah. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 6(4), 698–704. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v6i4.320
Arwan, A. & Oya, A. (2020). Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Siswa Sma Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning. Bahtra. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasan Dan Sastra, 01(01), 23–31. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56842/bahtra.v4i01.184
Barwick, J. (2007). Targetting Text: Photocopiable Unit Based on English Text Types: Information Reports, Explanations, Discussion: Upper Level. Blake Education.
Bell, S. (2010). Project-based learning for the 21st century: Skills for the future. Clearing House. A Journal of Educational Strategies, 83(2), 39–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00098650903505415
Bilgin, I., Karakuyu, Y., & Ay, Y. (2015). The effects of project based learning on undergraduate students’ achievement and self-efficacy beliefs towards science teaching. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(3), 469–477. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2014.1015a
Boaler, J. (1997). Experiencing school mathematics: Teaching styles, sex, and settings.Buckingham. Open University Press.
Borich, G. (2011). Effective Teaching Methods. Research-Based Practice,” Seventh Editio. Pearson Education, Inc.
Brandt, D. (2005). Writing for A Living: Literacy and The Knowledge Economy. Written Communication, 22(2), 166–197. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/0741088305275218
Cord. (2001). Contextual Learning Resource.
Dalle, A., Amir, J., & Asri, W. K. (2020). Improving Student’s Writing Skill using Serial Images as Learning Media. Asian EFL Journal Research, 27(3), 28–36. https://doi.org/https://eprints.unm.ac.id/20806/8/Improving%20Students%20Writing%20Skill%20Usiing%20Images.pdf
Fauzi, R. A. & Wikanengsih, W. (2019). Pengaruh Implementasi Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi pada Peserta Didik Kelas XI. Parole. Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra Indonesia, 2(6), 1029–1042. https://doi.org/file:///C:/Users/USER/Downloads/3214-Article%20Text-14778-2-10-20200916.pdf
Fragoulis, I. & Tsiplakides, I. (2009). Project-based learning in the teaching of English as a foreign language in Greek primary schools: From theory to practice. English Language Teaching, 2(3), 113–119. https://doi.org/https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1083088.pdf
Harris, J. H. & L. G. K. (2001). oung investigators: The project approach in the early years. Teachers College Press.
Hasan, H. (2022). Peran Media Gambar Berseri terhadap Kemampuan Menulis Karangan Siswa Sekolah Dasar. Ainara Journal (Jurnal Penelitian Dan PKM Bidang Ilmu Pendidikan), 3(2), 111–117. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.54371/ainj.v2i4.99
Helda, T. (2017). Menulis Teks Cerita Pendek Berbantuan Media Gambar Berseri Siswa Kelas Vii Smp Islam Khaira Ummah Padang. Gramatika STKIP PGRI Sumatera Barat, 3(2). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22202/jg.2017.v3i2.2186
Hidayah, N., Wahyuni, R., & Hasnanto, A. T. (2020). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Gambar Berseri Berbasis Pop-Up Book Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Narasi Bahasa Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Dasar, 7(1), 59–66.
Hmelo-Silver, C. E., & Barrows, H. S. (2006). oals and strategies of a problem-based learning facilitator. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 1(1), 4. https://doi.org/https://docs.lib.purdue.edu/ijpbl/vol1/iss1/4/
Ibrahim, F., Hendrawan, B., & Sunanih, S. (2023). Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran PACAS Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa. JLEB: Journal of Law, Education and Business, 1(2), 102–108. https://doi.org/10.57235/jleb.v1i2.1192
John, A., & Bates, S. (2023). Barriers and Facilitators: The Contrasting Roles of Media and Technology in Social–Emotional Learning. Social and Emotional Learning: Research, Practice, and Policy, 3(August 2023), 100022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sel.2023.100022
Kementerian Pendidikandan Kebudayaan. (2013). No Title. In Materi Pelatihan Implementasi Kurikulum 2013. Badan Pengembangan SDM Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan dan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Kemendikbud.
Kokotsaki, D., Menzies, V., & Wiggins, A. (2016). Project-based learning: A review of the literature. Sage Journals, 19(3), 267–277. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1365480216659733
Kosasih, E., & Kurniawan, E. (2018). Jenis-Jenis Teks. Fungsi, Struktur, dan Kaidah Kebahasaan. Yrama Widya.
Kovalyova, Y. Y., Soboleva, A. V., & Kerimkulov, A. T. (2016). roject based learning in teaching communication skills in English as a foreign language to engineering students. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 11(4), 153–156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v11i04.5416
Lestari, E. R. P. (2021). Serial image media for writing narrative text skills. LADU: Journal of Languages and Education, 1(2), 79–88. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56724/ladu.v1i2.54
Lu, Q. (2021). A New Project-Based Learning in English Writing. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning, 16(5), 214–227. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v16i05.21271
M. Fitzmaurice, and R. D. (2005). Collaborative Project-Based Learning and Problem Based Learning in Higher Education: A Consideration of Tutor and Student Roles in Learner-focused Strategies. Learning and Teaching Centre Dublin Institute of Technology.
Mahsun. (2014). Teks dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Kurikulum 2013. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Markham, T., Mergendoller, J., & Ravitz, J. (2003). Project Based Learning Handbook. Buck Institute for Education.
Mccarthy, T. (2010). Integrating project-based learning into a traditional skills-based curriculum to foster learner autonomy: An action research. The Journal of Kanda University of International Studies, 22, 221–244. https://doi.org/https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/198564339.pdf
McGrath, D. (2003). Launching a PBL project. Learning & Leading with Technology, 30(4), 36–39. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020938702
Mergendoller, J. R., Maxwell, N. L., & Bellisimo, Y. (2006). he Effectiveness of Problem-Based Instruction: A Comparative Study of Instructional Methods and Student Characteristics. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning, 1(2), 11–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.7771/1541-5015.1026
Mills, N. (2009). A guide du routard simulation: Increasing self-efficacy in the standards through project-based learning. Foreign Language Annals, 42(4), 607–639. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1944-9720.2009.01046.x
Mioduser, D., & Betzer, N. (2008). The contribution of project-based-learning to high-achievers’ acquisition of technological knowledge and skills. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 18(1), 59–77. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-006-9010-4
Neuman, S. B., Samudra, P., & Wong, K. M. (2021). Two may be better than one: Promoting incidental word learning through multiple media. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 73((July 2020)), 101252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101252
Neuman, S. B., Samudra, P., & Wong, K. M. (2021). Two may be better than one: Promoting incidental word learning through multiple media. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 73(July 2020), 101252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appdev.2021.101252
Pangestu, R. (2019). Meningkatkan Minat Membaca dengan Menggunakan Media Gambar Berseri pada Siswa Kelas II SD. Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 8(1), 43–53. https://doi.org/file:///C:/Users/USER/Downloads/14629-32285-1-SM%20(1).pdf
Penuel, W. R., Bates, L., Gallagher, L. P., Pasnik, S., Llorente, C., Townsend, E., Hupert, N., Domínguez, X., & VanderBorght, M. (2012). Supplementing literacy instruction with a media-rich intervention: Results of a randomized controlled trial. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27(1), 115–127. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecresq.2011.07.002
Poonpon, K. (2011). Enhancing English skills through project-based learning. T. The English Teacher, 40(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://www.melta.org.my/journals/TET/downloads/tet40_01_01.pdf
Priyatni, E. T. (2014). Desain Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dalam Kurikulum 2013. Bumi Aksara.
Renza, M. A., Affandi, L. H., & Setiawan, H. (2022). Pengembangan Media Gambar Berseri Pada Materi Keterampilan Menulis Teks Narasi Siswa Kelas IV. Jurnal Ilmiah Profesi Pendidikan, 7(2), 445–451. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29303/jipp.v7i2.562
Rohani, A. (2014). Media Intruksional Edukatif. Rineka Cipta.
Sadeghi, H., Biniaz, M., & Soleimani, H. (2016). The Impact of Project-Based Language Learning on Iranian EFL Learners Comparison/Contrast Paragraph Writing Skills. International Journal of Asian Social Science, 6(9), 510–524. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.1/2016.6.9/1.9.510.524
Safitri, C., & Munir, A. (2022). Hubungan Kontrol Diri dan Konformitas Teman Sebaya dengan Perilaku Bullying di Madrasah Aliyah Alwasliyah 12 Perbaungan The Relationship of Self- Control and Peers Conformity with Bullying Behavior in Students at Madrasah Alyah-Alwasliyah 12 Perbaungan. 4(4), 2052–2062. https://doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v4i4.997
Santika, A., & N. (2021). Pengembangan Media Gambar Berseri Untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berbahasa Indonesia Peserta Didik Kelas II SD. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan PembelajaranTerpadu (JPPT), 03(02), 83–97. https://doi.org/http://repository.radenintan.ac.id/id/eprint/17762
Solissa, E. M. (2021). Penerapan Model PBL untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Menulis Teks Eksplanasi Siswa Kelas XI MIA-1 SMA Negeri 14 Maluku Tengah. Stilistika: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Dan Sastra, 14(2), 163. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.30651/st.v14i2.8401
Solomon, G. (2003). PBL: A primer. Technology and Learning-Dayton. 23(6), 20–20. https://doi.org/https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=1850183
Trismanto, T. (2017). Keterampilan Menulis Dan Permasalahannya. Bangun Rekaprima, 3(1), 62. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.32497/bangunrekaprima.v3i1.764
Wagirun, W., & Irawan, B. (2019). Pengembangan Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek Dalam Menulis Teks Eksplanasi di Kelas XI SMA. Indonesian Language Education and Literature, 5(1), 74. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v5i1.5033
Yulistanti, D. K., & Mukhlishina, I. (2022). Pengembangan Media Gambar Berseri Tema 4 Subtema 1 Materi Unsur Intrinsik Pada Cerita Anak. Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, 5(2), 63–70. https://doi.org/https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/didaktika%0Ahttps://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/didaktika/article/view/51881/pdf
Yusmaniar, Y., Sudrajat, R. T., & Mustika, I. (2022). No TitleThe Effectiveness of Learning to Write Explanation through a Scientific Approach Using Project-Based Learning. International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal), 5(1), 2717–2723. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v5i1.3882
Yusro, A. C. (2023). PENINGKATAN KETERAMPILAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS 3 MELALUI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KOMIK DIGITAL DI SDN 2 BANDAR. Pendas: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar, 8(2), 2180-2191.
Zajkov, O., & Mitrevski, B. (2012). Project-Based Learning: Dilemmas and Questions! Macedonian Physics Teacher, 48((June 2014)), 1–11. https://doi.org/http://dfrm.org/documents/macedonian-physics-teacher/t1.pdf
Zurriyati, Z., Hayati, F., Simatupang, Y. J. (2020). Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Permulaan Melalui Media Gambar Berseri pada Anak Kelompok A TK Bungong Nanggroe Kecamatan Padang Tiji Kab. Pidie. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pendidikan, 1(1). https://doi.org/https://www.jim.bbg.ac.id/pendidikan/article/view/60