THE EFFECT OF CEO CHARACTERISTICS AND CARBON EMISSION DISCLOSURE ON FIRM PERFORMANCE WITH BUSINESS ETHICS DISCLOSURE AS A MODERATING VARIABLE
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25273/jap.v12i1.12177Keywords:
CEO Characteristics, Carbon Emission Disclosure, Business Ethics Disclosure, Karakteristik CEO, Pengungkapan Emisi Karbon, Pengungkapan Etika BisnisAbstract
ABSTRACT
This study examines the effect of CEO characteristics and carbon emission disclosure (CED) on firm performance with business ethics disclosure (BED) as a moderating variable. The conclusion from this study is that CEO education and CED significantly affect a firm's financial performance. Meanwhile, CEO tenure and age do not significantly affect a firm's financial performance. BED can moderate the influence of CEO education and CEO age on a firm's financial performance. However, neither CEO characteristics nor CED had any significant effect on non-financial performance. In addition, BED does not moderate the effect of CEO characteristics and CED on non-financial performance.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti pengaruh CEO characteristics dan carbon emission disclosure (CED) terhadap kinerja perusahaan dengan business ethics disclosure (BED) sebagai variabel moderasi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu CEO education dan CED berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Sementara CEO tenure dan CEO age tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. BED mampu memoderasi pengaruh CEO education dan CEO age terhadap kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Namun untuk kinerja non keuangan, baik CEO characteristics dan CED tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kinerja non keuangan tersebut, serta BED tidak memoderasi pengaruh CEO characteristics dan CED terhadap kinerja non keuangan.
Downloads
References
Abdullah, M. W., Musriani, R., Syariati, A., & Hanafie, H. (2020). Carbon Emission Disclosure in Indonesian Firms: The Test of Media-exposure Moderating Effects. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 10(6), 732–741. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.10142
Ahmadi, A., & Bouri, A. (2017). The relationship between financial attributes, environmental performance, and environmental disclosure: Empirical investigation on French firms listed on CAC 40. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 28(4), 490–506. https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-07-2015-0132
Akhiroh, T., & Kiswanto, K. (2016). The Determinant of Carbon Emission Disclosures. Accounting Analysis Journal, 5(4), 326–336. https://doi.org/10.15294/AAJ.V5I4.11182
Alfi, A. N. (2021). Profil Tigor Siahaan, Bermula di Citi Indonesia hingga Mundur dari CIMB Niaga. Bisnis.com. https://finansial.bisnis.com/read/20211022/90/1457255/profil-tigor-siahaan-bermula-di-citi-indonesia-hingga-mundur-dari-cimb-niaga
Apriliana, E., Ermaya, H. N. L., & Septyan, K. (2019). Pengaruh Tipe Industri, Kinerja Lingkungan, Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Carbon Emission Disclosure. WIDYAKALA: Journal of Pembangunan Jaya University, 6(1), 84–95. https://doi.org/10.36262/widyakala.v6i1.149
Astra Argo. (2023). Board of Directors. Astra Agro Lestari. https://www.astra-agro.co.id/en/management-profile-2/management-profile/
Bertrand, M., & Schoar, A. (2003). Managing with Style: The Effect of Managers on Firm Policies. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118(4), 1169–1208. https://doi.org/10.1162/003355303322552775
Chandra, M., & Augustine, Y. (2019). Pengaruh Green Intellectual Capital Index Dan Pengungkapan Keberlanjutan Terhadap Kinerja Keuangan Dan Non Keuangan Perusahaan Dengan Transparansi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi. Jurnal Magister Akuntansi Trisakti, 6(1), 45–70. https://doi.org/10.25105/JMAT.V6I1.5066
Choi, B. B., Lee, D., & Psaros, J. (2013). An analysis of Australian company carbon emission disclosures. Pacific Accounting Review, 25(1), 58–79. https://doi.org/10.1108/01140581311318968
Christine, D., Yadiati, W., Afiah, N. N., & Fitrijanti, T. (2019). The relationship of environmental management accounting, environmental strategy, and organizational commitment with environmental and economic performance. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 9(5), 458–464. https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.8284
Climate Transparency (2018). Brown to Green: Transisi G20 Menuju Ekonomi Rendah Karbon-Indonesia. https://www.climate-transparency.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/BTG-Indonesia-Profile-Bahasa-Indonesia_21.11.18.pdf.
Eccles, R. G., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The Impact of Corporate Sustainability on Organizational Processes and Performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835–2857. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2014.1984.
Elsayih, J. O., Datt, R., & Hamid, A. (2021). CEO characteristics: do they matter for carbon performance? an empirical investigation of Australian firms. Social Responsibility Journal, 17(8), 1279-1298. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-04-2020-0130
Ernst & Young. (2021). EY Entrepreneur Of The Year. Ernst & Young. https://www.ey.com/en_us/entrepreneur-of-the-year-us
Garcia-Blandon, J., Argilés-Bosch, J. M., & Ravenda, D. (2019). Exploring the relationship between CEO characteristics and performance. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 20(6), 1064–1082. https://doi.org/10.3846/JBEM.2019.10447
GMF. (2020). Laporan Terintegrasi Garuda Indonesia Group 2020. https://gmf-aeroasia.co.id/cfind/source/files/investor-relations/annual-report/integrated%20report%202020%20of%20pt%20garuda%20maintenance%20facility%20aero%20asia%20tbk.pdf
Goel, M., & Ramanathan, M. P. E. (2014). Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility – Is There a Dividing Line? Procedia Economics and Finance, 11, 49–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2212-5671(14)00175-0
Ghozali, Iman. (2020). 25 Grand Theory – 25 Teori Besar Ilmu Manajemen, Akuntansi dan Bisnis. Penerbit Yoga Pratama Semarang.
He, P., Shen, H., Zhang, Y., & Ren, J. (2019). External Pressure, Corporate Governance, and Voluntary Carbon Disclosure: Evidence from China. Sustainability 2019, Vol. 11, Page 2901, 11(10), 2901. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU11102901
Henderson, A. D., Miller, D., & Hambrick, D. C. (2006). How quickly do CEOs become obsolete? Industry dynamism, CEO tenure, and company performance. Strategic Management Journal, 27(5), 447–460. https://doi.org/10.1002/SMJ.524
Hu, L., & Yang, D. (2021). Female Board Directors and Corporate Environmental Investment: A Contingent View. Sustainability, 13(4), 1975. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU13041975
Junior, R. M.. Best, P. J., & Cotter, J. (2014). Sustainability Reporting and Assurance: A Historical Analysis on a World-Wide Phenomenon. Journal of Business Ethics, 120(1), 1-11. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42921315
Karim, K., Suh, S. H., & Tang, J. (2016). Do ethical firms create value? Social Responsibility Journal, 12(1), 54–68. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-09-2014-0127/FULL/PDF
Khan, T. M., Gang, B., Fareed, Z., & Yasmeen, R. (2020). The impact of CEO tenure on corporate social and environmental performance: an emerging country’s analysis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(16), 19314–19326. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11356-020-08468-Y/TABLES/11
Kılıç, M., & Kuzey, C. (2019). The effect of corporate governance on carbon emission disclosures. International Journal of Climate Change Strategies and Management, 11(1), 35-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IJCCSM-07-2017-0144
Kumparan Bisnis. (2019). Profil Dana Amin, Direktur Utama Antam yang Baru. https://kumparan.com/kumparanbisnis/profil-dana-amin-direktur-utama-antam-yang-baru-1sTRca4236N
Kurnia, P., Nur, D. P. E., & Putra, A. A. (2021). Carbon Emission Disclosure and Firm Value: A Study of Manufacturing Firms in Indonesia and Australia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 11(2), 83–87. https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ2/2021-02-11.html
Kusumasari, L. (2018). Functions, Age, Education, Tenure of CEO, and Employee Commitment Toward Firm Performance. KnE Social Sciences, 3(10), 64-73. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v3i10.3361
Multi Bintang Indonesia. (2017). Laporan Tahunan Multi Bintang Indonesia Tahun 2017. https://emiten.kontan.co.id/perusahaan/360/Multi-Bintang-Indonesia-Tbk
Naseem, M. A., Lin, J., Rehman, R., Ahmad, M. I., & Ali, R. (2020). Does capital structure mediate the link between CEO characteristics and firm performance? Management Decision, 58(1), 164–181. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-05-2018-0594
Natonis, S. A. (2019). Pengaruh Aspek Keperilakuan CEO terhadap Kinerja Perusahaan: Sebuah Studi Literatur. Owner Riset & Jurnal Akuntansi, 3(2), 250-259. https://doi.org/10.33395/owner.v3i2.165
Nazaruddin, I. (2007). Pengukuran Kinerja Non Finansial: Suatu Cara meningkatkan ‘Value’ Perusahaan. Journal of Accounting and Investment, 1(1), 32–40. https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/ai/article/view/458
Nguyen, P., Rahman, N., & Zhao, R. (2018). CEO characteristics and firm valuation: a quantile regression analysis. Journal of Management & Governance, 22(1), 133–151. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10997-017-9383-7
Plinio, A. J. (2009). Ethics and leadership. International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, 6(4), 277–283. https://doi.org/10.1057/JDG.2009.20
Ratmono, D., Darsono, D., & Selviana, S. (2021). Effect of Carbon Performance, Company Characteristics and Environmental Performance on Carbon Emission Disclosure: Evidence from Indonesia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 11(1), 101–109. https://ideas.repec.org/a/eco/journ2/2021-01-14.html
Rossouw, G. J. (2005). Business ethics and corporate governance in Africa. In Business and Society, 44(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1177/0007650305274851
Rusli, Y. M., Augustine, Y., Murwaningsari, E., & Breliastiti, R. (2019). The Moderating Effect of Competitive Business Strategy on Corporate Environmental Performance and Corporate Carbon Emission Disclosure Towards Corporate Financial Performance. Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development, 10(6), 117–126. https://doi.org/10.7176/JESD
Saidu, S. (2019). CEO characteristics and firm performance: focus on origin, education, and ownership. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, 9(29), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-019-0153-7
Suryarahman, E., & Trihatmoko, H. (2021). Effect Of Environmental Performance And Board Of Commissioners On Environmental Disclosures. Assets: Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Pendidikan, 10(1), 1–10. http://doi.org/10.25273/jap.v10i1.5984
The Corporate Finance Institute (CFI). (2022). Risk Tolerance - Overview, Factors, and Types of Tolerance. https://corporatefinanceinstitute.com/resources/wealth-management/risk-tolerance/
Triyani, A. & Setyahuni, S. W. (2020). Pengaruh Karakteristik CEO Terhadap Pengungkapan Informasi Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG). Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 21(2), 72-83
Union of Concerned Scientists. (2022, January 14). Each Country’s Share of CO2 Emissions. https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/each-countrys-share-co2-emissions
Waweru, N. (2020). Business ethics disclosure and corporate governance in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). International Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 28(2), 363–387. https://doi.org/10.1108/ 10.1108/IJAIM-07-2019-0091
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Perjanjian Lisensi dan Hak Cipta
Saat mengirimkan naskah ke jurnal, penulis menyatakan bahwa:
- Mereka diberi wewenang oleh rekan penulisnya untuk masuk ke dalam perjanjian ini.
- Karya yang dimaksud belum pernah diterbitkan secara resmi sebelumnya, kecuali dalam bentuk abstrak atau sebagai bagian dari kuliah, resensi, tesis, atau overlay jurnal yang diterbitkan.
- Karya yang dimaksud tidak sedang dipertimbangkan untuk diterbitkan di tempat lain,
- Publikasi karya yang dimaksud telah disetujui oleh semua penulis dan oleh otoritas yang bertanggung jawab - secara tahu sama tahu atau eksplisit - dari lembaga tempat pekerjaan itu dilakukan.
- Mereka mengamankan hak untuk mereproduksi materi apa pun yang telah diterbitkan atau dilindungi hak cipta di tempat lain.
- Mereka menyetujui lisensi dan perjanjian hak cipta berikut.
Hak Cipta
Penulis yang menerbitkan dengan ASSETS: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pendidikan menyetujui persyaratan berikut:
- Penulis mempertahankan hak cipta dan memberikan jurnal hak publikasi pertama dengan karya yang secara bersamaan dilisensikan di bawah Lisensi Atribusi Creative Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0) yang memungkinkan orang lain untuk berbagi karya dengan pengakuan kepenulisan karya dan publikasi awal di jurnal ini.
- Penulis dapat masuk ke dalam pengaturan kontrak tambahan yang terpisah untuk distribusi non-eksklusif dari versi jurnal yang diterbitkan dari karya tersebut (misalnya, mempostingnya ke repositori institusional atau menerbitkannya dalam sebuah buku), dengan pengakuan publikasi awalnya di jurnal ini.
- Penulis diizinkan dan didorong untuk memposting karya mereka secara daring (misalnya di repositori institusional atau di situs web mereka) sebelum dan selama proses pengiriman, karena dapat menghasilkan pertukaran yang produktif, serta kutipan lebih awal dan lebih besar dari karya yang diterbitkan.
License and Copyright Agreement
In submitting the manuscript to the journal, the authors certify that:
- Their co-authors authorize them to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except as an abstract or part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- That its publication has been approved by all the author(s) and by the responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material already published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
Copyright
Authors who publish with ASSETS: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pendidikan agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY-SA 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during submission, as it can lead to productive exchanges and earlier and more extraordinary citations of published work.
ASSETS: Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pendidikan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.