Kemampuan Spasial dalam Pengkonstruksian Jaring-Jaring Kubus dan Balok

Shinta Wulandari

Abstract


Jaring-jaring dapat membantu siswa membuat konsep hubungan antara objek dua dimensi dan tiga dimensi. Namun masih ada ketidakakuratan dalam menyusun jaring-jaring yang disebabkan oleh kemampuan spasial yang lemah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menggambarkan kemampuan spasial siswa dalam membangun jaring-jaring kubus dan balok. Subjek penelitian adalah empat puluh siswa Sekolah Dasar kelas lima. Dari empat puluh siswa dipilih dua siswa untk diwawancara lebih mendalam terkait penyelesaian tugas jaring-jaring kubus dan balok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam menyelesaikan tugas penyusunan jaring-jaring kubus dan balok, subjek menunjukkan kelemahan dalam kemampuan orientasi spasial dan visualisasi spasial. Kelemahan pada orientasi spasial terlihat pada kemampuan subjek untuk melihat objek dari sudut pandang tertentu yaitu dalam mengenali dua jaring-jaring yang kongruen tetapi dianggap tidak kongruen. Sedangkan kelemahan visualisasi spasial nampak pada saat subjek yang tidak dapat membayangkan bahwa jaring-jaring dapat dilipat menjadi kubus dan balok.

 

Nets can help students conceptualize the relationship between two-dimensional and three-dimensional objects. But there are still inaccuracies in composing the webs caused by weak spatial ability. The purpose of this study is to describe the spatial ability of students in constructing cube and beam webs. The research subjects were forty-fifth-grade elementary school students. Of the forty students, two students were chosen to be interviewed more deeply related to the completion of the task of the cube nets and the beam. The results showed that in completing the task of arranging cube and beam nets, the subject showed weaknesses in the ability of spatial orientation and spatial visualization. Weaknesses in spatial orientation are seen in the subject's ability to see objects from a certain point of view, namely in recognizing two nets that are congruent but considered incongruent while the weaknesses of spatial visualization are seen when subjects cannot imagine that the webs can be folded into cubes and blocks.


Keywords


Spatial ability; cube nets; construction

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References


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DOI: http://doi.org/10.25273/jems.v7i1.5289

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