Adiksi Internet: Kesehatan Fisik, Mental, dan Sosial
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25273/pharmed.v6i2.17611Keywords:
adiksi internet, psikologis, fisik, sosialAbstract
Sekitar 40% populasi di dunia mengakses internet. Meningkatnya jumlah populasi tersebut memunculkan kasus klinis berkenaan dengan gejala-gejala penyalahgunaan/adiksi. Beberapa tahun terakhir, istilah adiksi diperluas lebih dari ketergantungan zat, sehingga perilaku yang tidak terkait zat yang menyebabkan masalah dan gangguan juga termasuk ke dalamnya. Adiksi zat dan adiksi perilaku mungkin terlihat serupa dalam pengaruhnya terhadap pola perilaku, emosi, dan fisiologi. Secara psikologis, adiksi internet menjadi prediktor kuat terhadap kondisi psikiatri, di antaranya depresi dan kecemasan. Adiksi internet dapat menurunkan konsentrasi, prestasi akademik, sehingga stresor tersebut dapat meningkat menjadi kejadian depresi maupun kecemasan. Secara sosial, adiksi internet telah menggeser kehidupan sosial di dunia nyata. Individu lebih suka berkomunikasi melalui situs jejaring sosial atau chat room, dan mulai kehilangan makna pertemanan karena menggantikannya dengan teman-teman virtual di jejaring sosial. Adiksi internet juga dilaporkan menyebabkan banyak masalah kesehatan fisik berupa sakit kepala, rasa kaku, sakit punggung, sakit leher, dan insomnia.
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