Perbedaan Sosial Ekonomi Pedesaan-Perkotaan (dalam kajian Kepedulian Lingkungan, Sikap dan Tindakan)
Abstract
Orientasi pro-lingkungan adalah salah satu referensi dasar budaya modern. Namun, penerapan pedoman umum ini tidak memungkinkan kita untuk memprediksi perilaku organisasi. Untuk menjelaskan ketidaksesuaian ini, faktor kerusakan sosial dan pengalaman sosialisasi mereka yang membentuknya, serta harus memperhitungkan nilai, sikap dan perilaku lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini, kami membandingkan nilai-nilai, sikap dan perilaku sampel pedesaan dan sampel perkotaan, diukur dalam tiga skala: skala model ekologis baru, skala kewajiban moral secara khusus dirancang untuk penelitian ini dan tingkat niat perilaku pro-lingkungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat tingkat kepedulian lingkungan yang tinggi dan tingkat perilaku lingkungan yang rendah pada kedua sampel. Hasil perbandingan kedua sampel tersebut, penduduk kota ditemukan memiliki nilai lebih bertanggung jawab terhadap lingkungan tetapi kurang berorientasi pada lingkungan saat menggunakan Skala Sikap dan Niat. Konteks pedesaan menunjukkan lebih banyak sikap terhadap lingkungan dan lebih konsisten dalam mengekspresikan niat perilaku yang konsisten dengan perlindungan lingkungan.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Arcury, T.A., & Christianson, E.H. (1994). An
environmental worldview in response to
environmental concerns: Kentucky 1984
and 1988 were compared. Environment &
Behavior, 22, 387–407.
Arcury, T.A., & Christianson, E.H. (1993).
Rural & urban differences inenvironmental knowledge and action. Journal of
Environmental Education, 25, 19-25.
Axelrod, L., & Lehman, D.R. (1993).
Responding to environmental concerns:
What factors guide individual action?
Journal of Environmental Psychology, 13,
–159.
Baldassare, M., & Katz, C. (1992). Personal
threat from environmental problems as a
predictor of environmental practice.
Environment & Behavior, 24, 602–616.
Barker, R.G. (1968). Ecological psychology:
Concepts and methods for studying the
human behavioral environment. Stanford,
CA: Stanford University Press.
Berenguer, J. (2000). Action y creencias
ambientales. Una explicación psicosocial
del comportamiento ecológico
[Environmental attitudes and beliefs: A
psychological record of ecological
behavior]. Colección Doctorales Thesis.
Service Publications de la UCLM:Cuenca.
Berenguer, J., Corraliza, J.A., Martín, R., &
Oceja, L.V. (2001). Preocupación ecológica
y acciones ambientales. Cancel process
intertivo [Ecological concern and proenvironmental action. An interactive
process]. Estudios de Psicologia, 22, 37–52.
Black, J.S., Stern, P.C., & Elworth, J.T. (1985).
Personal and contextual influences on
household energy adaptation. Journal of
Applied Psychology, 70, 3–21.
Bragg, E. (1996). Towards the ecological self:
Ecology in meeting constructionist self
theory. Journal of Environmental
Psychology,16, 93-108.
Brulle, R.J. (1985). Environmental and
environmental discourse movement
organizations: A historical and rhetorical
perspective on the development of US
environmental organizations. Sociological
Investigations, 65, 58-83.
Corraliza, J.A., & Berenguer, J. (2000)
Environmental values, beliefs, and actions:
A situational approach. Environment &
Behavior, 32, 832–848.
Corraliza, J.A., Martín, R., Moreno, M., &
Berenguer, J. (2002). El estudio de la
conciencia ambiental [Studies on
environmental care]. Medio Ambiente, 40,
–39.
Cage-Verdugo, V. (2001). Friendly with
proambiental. Una introducción al estudio
de las conductas protectoras del ambiente
[Proenvironmental behavior. Introduction to
studies environmental protective behavior].
Santa Cruz de Tenerife: Resma.
Dietz, T., Stern, P.C., & Guagnano, G.A.
(1998). Social structure and social
psychological bases of environmental
concern. Environment & Behavior, 30,
–471.
Dunlap, R., Van Liere, K., Merting, A., &
Jones, R.E. (2000). Measuring endorsement
of the new ecological paradigm: A revised
NEP scale. Journal of Social Issues, 3, 425–
Fransson, N., & Gärling, T. (1999).
Environmental concern: Conceptual
definitions, measurement methods, and
research findings. Journal of Environmental
Psychology, 19, 369–382.
Gooch, G.D. (1999). Environmental beliefs and
attitudes in Sweden and the Baltic States.
Environment & Behavior, 27, 513–539.
Hines, J.M., Hungerford, H.R., & Tomera,
A.N. (1986). Analysis and synthesis of research
on responsible environmental behavior: A
meta- analysis. Journal of Environmental
Education,18, 1–8.
Hodgkinson, S., & Innes, J. (2000). The
prediction of ecological and
environmental belief systems: The
differential contributions of social
conservatism and beliefs about money.
Journal of Environmental Psychology,
, 285–294.
Hopper, J.R., & Nielsen, J.M. (1991). Recycling
as altruistic behavior. Environment &
Behavior, 23, 199–220.
Lutz, A., Simpson-Housley, P., & de Man,
A.F. (1999). Wilderness: Rural and urban
attitudes and perceptions. Environment &
Behavior, 31, 259–266.
Newman, K. (1986). Personal values and
commitment to energy conservation.
Environment & Behavior, 18, 53–74.
Olli, E., Grendstad, G., & Wollebaek, D. (2001).
Correlates of environmental behaviors:
Bringing back social context. Environment
&Behavior, 33, 181–208.
Samdahl, D.M., & Robertson, R. (1989). Social
determinants of environmental concerns.
Specification and test of the model.
Environment & Behavior, 21, 57–81.
Schwartz, S.H., & Howard, J.A. (1980).
Explanations of the moderating effect of
responsibility denial on the personal normbehavior relationship. Social Psychology
Quarterly, 43, 441– 446.
Schwartz, S.H. (1977). Normative influences on
altruism. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in
experimental social psychology,v.10 (pp.
–279). New York: AcademicPress.
Schwartz, S.H. (1973). Normative explanations
of helping behavior: A critique, proposal,
and empirical test. Journal of Experimental
Social Psychology, 9, 349–364.
Scott, D., & Willits, F.K. (1994). Environmental
attitudes and behavior. A Pennsylvania
survey. Environment & Behavior, 26, 239–
Stern, P.C. (2000). Toward a coherent theory of
environmentally significant behavior.
Journal of Social Issues, 56, 407–442
Stern, P.C., Dietz, T., & Guagnano, G.A. (1999).
The new ecological paradigm in socialpsychological context. Environment &
Behavior, 27, 723–743.
Stern, P.C., Dietz, T., & Kalof, L. (1993). Values
orientations, gender, and environmental
concerns. Environment & Behavior, 25,
–348.
Stern, P.C. (1992). What psychology knows
about energy conservation. American
Psychologist, 47, 1224–1232.
Tanner, C., & Foppa, K. (1996).
Umweltwahrnehmung, Umweltbewusstsein
und Umweltverhalten [Environmental
perception, environmental awareness, and
environmental behavior]. In A. Diekmann &
C.C. Jaeger (Eds.), Umweltsoziologie.
Kölner Zeitschrift für Soziologie und
Sozialpsychologie (Sonderheft 36, pp. 245–
. Opladen: Westdeutscher Verlag.
Van Liere, K.D., & Dunlap, R.E. (1978). Moral
norms and environmental behavior: An
application of Schwartz's norm-activation
model to yard burning. Journal of Applied
Social Psychology, 8, 174–188.
Van Liere, K.D., & Dunlap, R.E. (1980). The
social bases of environmental concern: A
review of hypotheses, explanations, and
empirical evidence. Public Opinion
Quarterly, 44, 181–197.
Van Liere, K.D., & Dunlap, R.E. (1981).
Environmental concerns: Does it make a
difference how it's measured?. Environment
& Behavior, 13, 651–676.
Vorkinn, M., & Riese, H. (2001). Environmental
concern in a local context: The significance
of place attachment. Environment &
Behavior, 33, 249–263.
Widegren, O. (1998). The new environmental
paradigm and personal norms. Environment
& Behavior, 30, 75–100.
Zelezny, L.C., Chua, P., & Aldrich, C. (2000).
Elaborating on gender differences in
environmentalism. Journal of Social Issues,
, 443–457. Special Issue: Promoting
environmentalism.
Article Metrics
Abstract has been read : 1048 timesPDF file viewed/downloaded: 0 times
DOI: http://doi.org/10.25273/equilibrium.v10i2.12368
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
